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Application and Market Development of Fatty Alcohol Products

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2024-04-28

Natural high fatty alcohols are the basic raw materials for fine chemical products such as detergents, surfactants, plastic plasticization, etc. There are thousands of fine chemical products produced by them, which are widely used in chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, textile, machinery, Mining, construction, plastics, rubber, leather, papermaking, transportation, food, medicine and health, daily chemical industry and agriculture.

Fatty alcohols can produce many derivatives. Alcohol series surfactants are the fastest growing products among all kinds of surfactants since the 1980 s. As a detergent active substance, it has excellent properties such as strong decontamination ability, good compatibility, low foam, easy biodegradation, hard water resistance and good washing performance in low temperature water. It has gradually replaced linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) and dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, and has become the third generation detergent raw material. The most representative varieties here are AEO3 ~ 9 synthesized by fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide, etc., which can also be sulfonated to form AES. These alcohol-based surfactants have wide applications and large demand, and are closely related to the improvement of daily life and quality of life. The actual market and potential market are broad. Therefore, they provide a broader world for the production of fatty alcohols, especially natural lipoimetics.
Plastic additives are auxiliary raw materials for the plastics industry, and the additives industry develops with the development of the plastics industry. The rapid development of China's plastics industry is well known. In 1985, the world consumed 13 million tons of various plastic auxiliaries, and plasticizer is one of the largest amount of plastic auxiliaries. At present, the production capacity of foreign plasticizer has exceeded 4.5 million tons, while that of China has exceeded 500000 tons. Among the plasticizers, the production of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP), in addition to phthalic anhydride raw materials, butanol and octanol are also the main raw materials. At present, China consumes more than 300000 tons of butanol and octanol each year to produce these two plasticizers. However, butanol and octanol have short carbon chains. The plasticizers produced by them are far from meeting the development needs of plastic processing industry in terms of heat resistance, weather resistance and electrical insulation. At present, high carbon chain aliphatic alcohols, such as C10, C12, C14, C16, C18 and other alcohols, are being tried to replace butanol and octanol to produce plastic products with excellent heat resistance, weather resistance and electrical insulation properties, promote the expansion of plastic use. Therefore, the application of high carbon fatty alcohols in the plastic plasticizer industry is also quite promising.
The application of natural fatty alcohol in daily chemical industry has better advantages than chemical synthetic alcohol. Compared with the two, even if various physical and chemical quality indicators are the same, people still prefer to use natural alcohol, which has become a popular "green" trend. Therefore, natural fatty alcohols are ideal raw materials in the cosmetics industry, such as liquid and ointment soap, toothpaste, cosmetic cream, etc.

Key words:

alcohol ether AEO-9 alcohol ether AEO-3 C10 alcohol (decanol) C8 alcohol (octanol) C14 alcohol C18 alcohol (stearyl alcohol)

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Production method of fatty alcohol

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What are fatty alcohols

Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols having a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols typically have an even number of carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group attached to the end of the carbon chain. One of the raw materials for detergent surfactants. The general formula is ROH. R of the detergent alcohol is generally a C12 to C18 hydrocarbon group. Such a high carbon fatty alcohol has an amphiphilic character, I .e., a hydrophobic group such as a hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxyl group in the molecule. However, due to the solubility in water is very low, it is necessary to add hydrophilic groups or convert hydroxyl groups into sulfuric acid groups, so that after the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value reaches the necessary value, the fatty alcohol derivative has enough hydrophilic groups to dissolve in water, and can become aggregates (micelles), the fatty alcohol derivative is the surfactant. For example, dodecanol is insoluble in water, but when it is changed into sodium lauryl sulfate, due to the addition of a sulfate group (-SO3-), the water solubility becomes better, and micelles can be formed in water, reaching a certain concentration, showing very good surface activity. It is the use of this characteristic, fatty alcohol as raw material, produced a variety of surfactants with various excellent properties.

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