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What are fatty alcohols

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2024-04-28

Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols having a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols typically have an even number of carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group attached to the end of the carbon chain.

 

One of the raw materials for detergent surfactants. The general formula is ROH. The R of detergent alcohol is generally C12 ~ C18hydrocarbon group. This high-carbon fatty alcohol has the characteristics of two affinity, that is, in the molecule has hydrophobic groups such as hydrocarbon chains, and there are.hydrophilic groupSuch as hydroxyl. However, due to the solubility in water is very low, it is necessary to add hydrophilic groups or convert hydroxyl groups into sulfuric acid groups, so that after the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value reaches the necessary value, the fatty alcohol derivative has enough hydrophilic groups to dissolve in water, and can become aggregates (micelles), the fatty alcohol derivative is the surfactant. For example, dodecanol is insoluble in water, but when it becomesSodium lauryl sulfateAt the same time, due to the addition of a sulfate group (-SO3-), the water solubility becomes better, and micelles can be formed in water, and when a certain concentration is reached, it shows very good surface activity.

It is the use of this characteristic, fatty alcohol as raw material, produced a variety of surfactants with various excellent properties.

Key words:

alcohol ether AEO-9 alcohol ether AEO-3 C10 alcohol (decanol) C8 alcohol (octanol) C14 alcohol C18 alcohol (stearyl alcohol)

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What are fatty alcohols

Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols having a chain of 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols typically have an even number of carbon atoms and one hydroxyl group attached to the end of the carbon chain. One of the raw materials for detergent surfactants. The general formula is ROH. R of the detergent alcohol is generally a C12 to C18 hydrocarbon group. Such a high carbon fatty alcohol has an amphiphilic character, I .e., a hydrophobic group such as a hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxyl group in the molecule. However, due to the solubility in water is very low, it is necessary to add hydrophilic groups or convert hydroxyl groups into sulfuric acid groups, so that after the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value reaches the necessary value, the fatty alcohol derivative has enough hydrophilic groups to dissolve in water, and can become aggregates (micelles), the fatty alcohol derivative is the surfactant. For example, dodecanol is insoluble in water, but when it is changed into sodium lauryl sulfate, due to the addition of a sulfate group (-SO3-), the water solubility becomes better, and micelles can be formed in water, reaching a certain concentration, showing very good surface activity. It is the use of this characteristic, fatty alcohol as raw material, produced a variety of surfactants with various excellent properties.

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